Civilia, 2018 (roč. 9), číslo 2

Zastoupení členských zemí Unie v Evropském parlamentu: historie a současnost

Member States' Representation in the European Parliament: history and present

Jakub Charvát

Civilia 2018, 9(2):4-22 | DOI: 10.5507/civ.2018.005

The paper presents an analysis of apportionment of seats among Member States of the European Union in the European Parliament in a historical perspective, i.e. since its foundation to the present and beyond, up to the upcoming European elections. The paper is therefore conceived as an idiographic case study of predominantly descriptive character, and its aim is to explain the basic principles of the European Parliament's composition before and after the Lisbon Treaty in terms of territorial representation, and therefore, in terms of the size of the representation, i.e. number of Members of the European Parliament, of each Member State of the European...

Pojem "fake news" v českých médiích

The term "fake news" in the Czech media

Jan Podzimek

Civilia 2018, 9(2):23-36 | DOI: 10.5507/civ.2018.006

This study deals the analysis of fake news as a semiotic sign, and it analyses different ways of its representation. It takes up a position of the social constructionism, e.g. the opinion that an interpretation of a certain phenomenon might have a direct influence on its objectification in the social reality. Therefore I reconstruct the semantic level of fake news using a thorough analysis of its representations. However, this study is not limited only to the semantic level, but it occupies with syntactic and pragmatic levels, too. The analysis contains a typology of spotted ways of representation, and a description of associated connotations. The...

Kognitivní a informativní úroveň znalostí o pubertě u žáků primární školy ve Španělsku ve srovnání v České republice a Číně

Miluše Rašková, Dominika Provázková Stolinská, Alena Vavrdová

Civilia 2018, 9(2):37-59 | DOI: 10.5507/civ.2018.007

Knowledge is gained in the process of learning and represents the level of awareness. The cognitive and informative level of knowledge about puberty includes the amount and quality of relevant information. During puberty, reproduction abilities are achieved. Puberty represents an essential hormone process accompanied by physical changes and rapidly transforming psyche, during which individuals become aware of their own personalities. Puberty is a significant element of sex education in the European as well as global dimension. Children need to be prepared for puberty in time and in an appropriate manner; this should include all related associations...

Historické vědomí a jeho role při výuce regionálních dějin

Historical Consciousness and Its Importance in Instruction of Regional History

Pavel Krákora, Pavel Kopeček

Civilia 2018, 9(2):60-71 | DOI: 10.5507/civ.2018.008

This text deals with the basic concepts that are related to historical consciousness and regional history and also analyses their relationship. Moreover, it deals with the possibilities, challenges and opportunities that are offered by the regional history in relation to the educational process. In conclusion, some research projects focused on this theme are briefly presented.