RT Journal Article SR Electronic A1 Novotný, Zdeněk T1 What Philosophy Owes to the Contemporary World JF Civilia YR 2016 VO 7 IS 2 SP 145 OP 151 DO 10.5507/civ.2016.021 UL https://civilia.upol.cz/artkey/civ-201602-0011.php AB The article deals with the issue of toleration, as well as respect for man and humanity-anthropocentric features in European thinking; it refers to its most prominent moments and practical demonstrations in the history of Europe. In relation to the present-day situation of the human, it demonstrates that toleration and tolerance are just as topical today as they were in the past and that toleration can only function if based on a symmetrical relationship, i.e. a relationship based on mutual respect. To understand the above mentioned principles is one of the main task of philosophy.